STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCEMENT IN FOOD PRODUCTION

Previous year NEET questions 1. Homozygous purelines in cattle can be obtained by: [2017] (a) mating of unrelated individuals of same breed. (b) mating of individuals of different breed. (c) mating of individuals of different species. (d) mating of related individuals of same breed. 2. Outbreeding is an important strategy of animal husbandry because it : [2015 RS] (a) is useful in producing purelines of animals. (b) is useful in overcoming inbreeding depression. (c) exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection. (d) helps in accumulation of superior genes. 3. Which one of the following pairs is mismatched? [2007] (a) Apis indica - honey (b) Kenia lacca - lac (c) Bombyx mori - silk (d) Pila globosa - pearl 4. Compared to a bull a bullock is docile because of [2007] (a) higher levels of cortisone (b) lower levels of blood testosterone (c) lower levels of adrenalin/ noradrenaline in its blood (d) higher levels of thyroxine. 5. Which one of the following is a viral disease of poultry? [2007] (a) Coryza (b) New castle disease (c) Pasteurellosis (d) Salmonellosis. 6. Which one of the following is the most suitable medium for culture of Drosophila melanogaster? [2006] (a) Agar agar (b) Ripe banana (c) Cow dung (d) Moist bread 7. The world’s highly prized wool yielding ’Pashmina’ breed is [2005] (a) goat (b) sheep (c) goat-sheep cross (d) Kashmir sheep-Afghan sheep cross 8. Which endangered animal is the source of world’s finest, lightest, warmest and most expensive wool the shahtoosh ? [2003] (a) Chiru (b) Nilgai (c) Cheetal (d) Kashmiri goat 9. In Lederberg’s replica experiment what shall be used to obtain streptomycin-resistant strain? [2001] (a) minimal medium and streptomycin (b) complete medium and streptomycin (c) only minimal medium (d) only complete medium 10. Which one of the following statement is correct in relation to honey bees? [2000] (a) Apis indica is the largest wild honey bee in India (b) Honey is predominantly sucrose and arabinose (c) Beewax is a waste product of honey bees (d) Communication in honey bees was discovered by Karl Von Frisch 11. The worker honey bee normally lives for about [1999] (a) 15 days (b) 30 days (c) 90 days (d) 10 days 12. Which of the following has been recently used for increasing productivity of super milk cows? [1997] (a) Artificial insemination by a pedigreed bull only (b) Superovulation of a high production cow only (c) Embryo transplantation only (d) A combination of superovulation, artificial insemination and embryo transplantation into a ’carrier cow’ (surrogate mother) 13. In the silk worm, if no juvenile hormone (JH) is present when it moults, it will [1997] (a) die (b) moult into another larval stage (c) moult into pupa (d) moult into an adult 14. Honey is [1997] (a) acidic (b) alkaline (c) neutral (d) acidic when fresh and alkaline when old 15. Pasteurization of milk involve heating for (a) 60 minutes at about 90ºC [1996] (b) 30 minutes at about 50ºC (c) 30 minutes at about 65ºC (d) 60 minutes at 100ºC 16. The earliest animal to have been domesticated by man was most likely the [1996] (a) horse (b) cow (c) dog (d) pig 17. Which one of the following is an exotic Indian fish ? [1996] (a) Catla catla (b) Heteropneustes fossilis (c) Cyprinus carpio (d) Labeo rohita 18. The silkworm silk is the product of [1995] (a) cuticle of the larva (b) cuticle of the adult (c) salivary gland of the larva (d) salivary gland of the adult 19. The process of mating between closely related individuals is [1994] (a) self breeding (b) inbreeding (c) hybridisation (d) heterosis 20. A system of rotating crops with legume or grass pasture to improve soil structure and fertility is called [2016] (a) Ley farming (b) Contour farming (c) Strip farming (d) Shifting agriculture 21. Which part of the tobacco plant is infected by Meloidogyne incognita ? [2016] (a) Flower (b) Leaf (c) Stem (d) Root 22. In plant breeding programmes, the entire collection (of plants/seeds) having all the diverse alleles for all genes in a given crop is called: [NEET 2013] (a) cross-hybridisation among the selected parents. (b) evaluation and selection of parents. (c) germplasm collection (d) selection of superior recombinants. 23. Green revolution in India occurred during[2012M] (a) 1960.s (b) 1970.s (c) 1980.s (d) 1950.s 24. Jaya and Ratna developed for green revolution in India are the varieties of [2011] (a) maize (b) rice (c) wheat (d) bajra 25. Himgiri developed by hybridisation and selection for disease resistance against rust pathogens is a variety of [2011] (a) chilli (b) maize (c) sugarcane (d) wheat 26. Breeding of crops with high levels of minerals, vitamins and proteins is called [2010] (a) Somatic hybridisation (b) Biofortification (c) Biomagnification (d) Micropropagation 27. An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice [2010] (a) does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones (b) gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A (c) is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy (d) gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma 28. Which of the following is not used as a biopesticide ? [2009] (a) Trichoderma harzianum (b) Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) (c) Xanthomonas campestris (d) Bacillus thuringiensis 29. Which of the following plant species youwould select for the production of bioethanol?[2009] (a) Zea mays (b) Pongamia (c) Jatropha (d) Brassica 30. Which one of the following is being tried in India as a biofuel substitute for fossil fuels?[2008] (a) Jatropha (b) Azadirachta (c) Musa (d) Aegilops 31. Consider the following four measures (a-d) that could be taken to successfully grow chickpea in an area where bacterial blight disease is common [2008] (1) Spray with Bordeaux mixture (2) Control of the insect vector of the disease pathogen (3) Use of only disease-free seeds (4) Use of varieties resistant to the disease Which two of the above measures can control the disease? (a) 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 (c) 3 and 4 (d) 1 and 4 32. Which one of the following proved effective for biological control of nematodal disease in plants? [2008] (a) Pisolithus tinctorius (b) Pseudomonas cepacia (c) Gliocladium virens (d) Paecilomyces lilacinus 33. Which one of the following is being utilized as a source of biodiesel in the Indian countryside? [2007] (a) Beetroot (b) Sugarcane (c) Pongamia (d) Euphorbia 34. In maize, hybrid vigour is exploited by [2006, 2007] (a) crossing of two inbred parental lines (b) harvesting seeds from the most productive plants (c) inducing mutations (d) bombarding the seeds with DNA. 35. Crop plants grown in monoculture are [2006] (a) free from intraspecific competition (b) characterised by poor root system (c) highly prone to pests (d) low in yield 36. Farmers in a particular region were concerned that pre-mature yellowing of leaves of a pulse crop might cause decrease in the yield. Which treatment could be most beneficial to obtain maximum seed yield ? [2006] (a) Treatment of the plants with cytokinins along with a small dose of nitrogenous fertilizer (b) Removal of all yellow leaves and spraying the remaining green leaves with 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid (c) Application of iron and magnesium to promote synthesis of chlorophyll (d) Frequent irrigation of the crop 37. Triticale, the first man-made cereal crop, has been obtained by crossing wheat with [2006] (a) pearl millet (b) sugarcane (c) barley (d) rye 38. Curing of tea leaves is brought about by the activity of [2006] (a) mycorrhiza (b) viruses (c) fungi (d) bacteria 39. Parthenocarpic tomato fruits can be produced by [2006] (a) treating the plants with low concentrations of gibberellic acid and auxins (b) raising the plants from vernalized seeds (c) treating the plants with phenylmercuric acetate (d) removing androecium of flowers before pollen grains are released 40. Three crops that contribute maximum to global food grain production are [2005] (a) Wheat, rice and maize (b) Wheat, rice and barley (c) Wheat, maize and sorghum (d) Rice, maize and sorghum 41. India’s wheat yield revolution in the 1960s was possible primarily due to [2004] (a) hybrid seeds (b) increased chlorophyll content (c) mutations resulting in plant height reduction (d) quantitative trait mutations 42. The most likely reason for the development of resistance against pesticides in insects damaging a crop is [2004] (a) random mutations (b) genetic recombination (c) directed mutations (d) acquired heritable chages 43. Which of the following plants are used as green manure in crop fields and in sandy soils? [2003] (a) Dichanthium annulatum and Azolla nilotica (b) Crotalaria juncea and Alhagi camelorum (c) Calotropis procera and Phyllanthus niruri (d) Saccharum munja and Lantana camara 44. Which of the following crops have been brought to India from New world? [2002] (a) Cashewnut, potato, rubber (b) Mango, tea (c) Tea, rubber, mango (d) Coffee 45. Reason of fast speciation in present day crop plants is [2002] (a) mutation (b) isolation (c) polyploidy (d) sexual reproduction 46. What is the best pH of soil for cultivation of plants? [2001] (a) 3.4 – 5.4 (b) 6.5 – 7.5 (c) 4.5 – 8.5 (d) 5.6 – 6.5 47. Before European invader which vegetable was absent in India? [2001] (a) Potato and Tomato (b) Simla mirch and Brinjal (c) Maize and Chichinda (d) Brinjal and Lady’s finger 48. Which statement is correct abou centre of origin of plant? [2001] (a) More diversity in improved varieties (b) Frequency of dominant gene is more (c) Climatic conditions more favourable (d) None of these 49. Triticale has been evolved by intergeneric hybridization between [2001] (a) wheat and rye (b) wheat and rice (c) rice and maize (d) wheat and Aegilops 50. Which one of the following insecticides is more stable in the environment? [1999] (a) DDT (b) Diazinon (c) Camphechlor (d) Malathion 51. The first transgenic crop was [1999] (a) pea (b) flax (c) tobacco (d) cotton 52. The new varieties of plants are produced by (a) selection and hybridization [1999] (b) mutation and selection (c) introduction and mutation (d) selection and intro 53. Exponential growth of cells is a characteristic feature of [1999] (a) tissue culture cells (b) multicellular organisms (c) unicellular organisms (d) embryo 54. Lathyrism which is caused by consumption of Khesari dal is a disease characterised by[1998] (a) reproductive failure, susceptibility to diabetes mellitus and skeletal abnormalities (b) retardation of body growth, precocious puberty and renal dysfunction (c) mental retardation, delay in the onset of puberty and cardiovascular abnormalities (d) gross skeletal deformation and thinning of collagen fibres and fibrils 55. Biological control component is central to advanced agricultural production. Which of the following is used as a third generation pesticide? [1998] (a) Insect repellants (b) Pheromones (c) Pathogens (d) Insect hormone analogues 56. Which of the following pesticides is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor? [1998] (a) Y-BHC (b) Endosulfan (c) Malathion (d) Aldrin 57. Which one among the following chemicals is used for causing defoliation of forest trees?[1998] (a) Phosphon-D (b) Malic hydrazide (c) 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (d) Amo-1618 58. What is Agent Orange? [1998] (a) Colour used in fluorescent lamps (b) A weedicide containing dioxin (c) A biodegradable insecticide (d) A hazardous chemical used in luminous paints 59. Of the world’s top five crops in terms of annual production [1997] (a) all five belong to the family Poaceae (Gramineae) (b) four belong to Poaceae (Graminaeae) and one to Leguminosae (c) four belong to Poaceae (Gramineae) and one to Solanaceae (d) three belong to Poaceae (Gramineae), one to Leguminosae and one to Solanaceae. 60. The long-term prospects for a truly human civilization depend in a large measure on [1996] (a) the ability of humanity to moderate its fecundity (b) increasing the food production (c) colonization of underpopulated areas (d) control of human diseases 61. Suppression of reproduction of one type of organism by utilizing some features of its biology or physiology to destroy it or by use of another organism is known as [1996] (a) competition (b) predation (c) biological control (d) physiological control 62. The rotenone is [1995] (a) an insect hormone (b) a bioherbicide (c) a natural herbicide (d) a natural insecticide 63. One of the major difficulties in the biological control of insect pests is the [1995] (a) practical difficulty of introducing the predator to specific areas (b) method is less effective as compared with the use of insecticides (c) predator does not always survive when transferred to a new environment (d) the predator develops a preference to other diets and may itself become a pest. 64. Reproducing new plants by cells instead of seeds is known as [1995] (a) mutation (b) tissue culture (c) antibiotics (d) biofertilizer 65. Haploid plant cultures are got from [1994] (a) leaves (b) root tip (c) pollen grain (d) buds 66. Most of our crop plants are [1994] (a) autopolyploid in origin (b) allopolyploid in origin (c) mixed genotypic in origin (d) heterozygous in origin 67. Which of the following plant cells will show totipotency? [1993] (a) Sieve tubes (b) Xylem vessels (c) Meristem (d) Cork cells 68. Which crop variety is not due to induced mutations ? [1993] (a) Reimei of Rice (b) Prabhat of Arhar (c) Sharbati Sonora of Wheat (d) Aruna of Castor 69. Which of the following enhances or induces fusion of protoplasts ? [2015 RS] (a) Polyethylene glycol and sodium nitrate (b) IAA and kinetin (c) IAA and gibberellins (d) Sodium chloride and potassium chloride 70. A technique of micropropagation is : (a) Somatic embryogenesis [2015 RS] (b) Protoplast fusion (c) Embryo rescue (d) Somatic hybridization 71. To obtain virus - free healthy plants from a diseased one by tissue culture technique, which part/parts of the diseased plant will be taken: [2014] (a) Apical meristem only (b) Palisade parenchyma (c) Both apical and axillary meristems (d) Epidermis only 72. Which of the following has maximum genetic diversity in India? [NEET Kar. 2013] (a) Rice (b) Mango (c) Wheat (d) Groundnut 73. Tissue culture technique can produce infinite number of new plants from a small parental tissue. The economic importance of the technique is in raising [NEET Kar. 2013] (a) Variants through picking up somaclonal variations (b) Genetically uniform population identical to the original parent (c) Homozygous diploid plants (d) Development of new species 74. Which part would be most suitable for raising virus-free plants for micro propagation?[2012] (a) Bark (b) Vascular tissue (c) Meristem (d) Node 75. Which one of the following is a case of wrong matching [2012] (a) Somatic hybridization - Fusion of two diverse cells (b) Vector DNA -Site for t-RNA synthesis. (c) Micropropagation - in vitro production of plants in large numbers. (d) Callus - Unorganised mass of cell produced in tissue culture 76. Consider the following four statements (A-D) and select the option which includes all the correct ones only. [2012M] (1) Single cell Spirulina can produce large quantities of food rich in protein, minerals, vitamins etc. (2) Body weight-wise the micro-organism Methylophilus methylotrophus may be able to produce several times more proteins than the cows per day. (3) Common button mushrooms are a very rich source of vitamin C. (4) A rice variety has been developed which is very rich in calcium. Options: (a) Statements (3), (4) (b) Statements (1), (3) and (4) (c) Statements (2), (3) and (4) (d) Statements (1), (2) 77. Somaclones are obtained by [2009] (a) plant breeding (b) irradiation (c) genetic engineering (d) tissue culture 78. In order to obtain virus-free plants through tissue culture the best method is [2006] (a) Embryo rescue (b) Anther culture (c) Meristem culture (d) Protoplast culture 79. The technique of obtaining large number of plantlets by tissue culture method is called[2004] (a) Plantlet culture (b) Organ culture (c) Micropropagation (d) Macropropagation 80. Cellular totipotency is demonstrated by (a) only bacterial cells [2003] (b) only gymnosperm cells (c) all plant cells (d) all eukaryotic cells 81. In tissue culture medium, the embryoids formed from pollen grains is due to [2002] (a) cellular totipotency (b) organogenesis (c) double fertilization (d) test – tube culture 82. The reason why vegetatively reproducing crop plants are best suited for maintaining hybrid vigour is that [1998] (a) once a desired hybrid has been produced there are few chances of losing it (b) they have a longer life span (c) they are more resistant to diseases (d) they can be easily propagated 83. Haploid plant cultures are obtained from (a) leaves (b) root tip [1994] (c) pollen grains (d) buds 84. Haploid plants are preferred over diploids for mutation study because in haploids [1993] (a) recessive mutation expresses immediately (b) induction of mutations is easier (c) culturing is easier (d) dominant mutation expresses immediately
1 d 21 d 41 c 61 c 81 a
2 b 22 c 42 a 62 d 82 a
3 d 23 a 43 b 63 d 83 c
4 b 24 b 44 a 64 b 84 a
5 b 25 d 45 c 65 c
6 b 26 b 46 b 66 a    
7 a 27 b 47 a 67 c    
8 d 28 c 48 b 68 d    
9 b 29 c 49 a 69 a    
10 d 30 a 50 a 70 a    
11 c 31 c 51 c 71 c    
12 d 32 d 52 a 72 a    
13 b 33 c 53 a 73 b    
14 a 34 a 54 d 74 c    
15 c 35 c 55 b 75 b    
16 c 36 c 56 c 76 d    
17 c 37 d 57 c 77 d    
18 c 38 d 58 b 78 c    
19 b 39 a 59 c 79 c    
20 a 40 a 60 d 80 c