BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION

1. A gene can be transferred into a completely different organism through (1) Genetic engineering (2) Tissue culture (3) Transformation (4) RNA interference 2. In ………… DNA probe is used. (1) Gel electrophoresis (2) Northern blotting (3) DNA finger printiing (4) Interferon synthesis 3. Khorana synthesized First artificial gene which was a gene of………… (1) Arginine (2) Lysine (3) Alanine t-RNA of yeast (4) Valine t-RNA 4. An artificial gene vector PBR 322does not have (1) Amphiciline marker gene (2) Cos site (3) Restriction site for cla I enzyme (4) Ori 5. Taq & Pflu isolated from thermophilic bacteria are …………… (1) RNA polymerase (2) DNA primers (3) DNA polymerases (4) DNA ligase 6. How Bt toxin kills the insect? (1) Blocking the nerve conduction (2) Damaging the surface of trachea (3) By creating pores in the tracheal system (4) By creating pores in the mid gut 7. ………………..is not an application of modern biotechnology? (1) Production of humulin (2) Developing a DNA vaccine (3) Gene therapy (4) Production of cheese and butter 8. For the synthesis of ………… transgenic Brassica napus has been used. (1) Hirudin (2) Heparin (3) Polgalacturonase (4) Cry protein 9. By the process of RNA interferencetransgenic tobacco plant was developed, which was resistant against the infection of :- (1) Algae Scenedesmus (2) Fungi Fusarium (3) Bacteria : Bacillus thurigenesis (4) Nematode : Melodigyne incognita 10. For treating………. the first clinical gene therapy was given (1) Rheumatoid arthritis (2) Adenosine deaminase deficiency (3) Diabetes (4) Chicken pox 11. In commercial production of ………….. genetically engineered bacteria have been used. (1) Thyroxin (2) Testosterone (3) Human insulin (4) Melatonium 12. In agriculture section Important objective of biotechnology is……… (1) To produce pest resistant varieties of plants (2) To increase the nitrogen contant (3) To decrease the seed number (4) To increase the plant weight 13. ……… is the drug produced by biotechnology ,which used in cancer treatment. (1) Interferon (2) [HGH] Human growth hormone (3) TSH (4) Insulin 14. For the production of antibiotics………………… is the biotechnological prerequisition. (1) To search an antibiotic producing microorganism (2) To isolate the antibiotic gene (3) To join antibiotic gene with E.coli plasmid (4) All of the above 15. ………… is a part of modern biotechnology: (1) Genetic engineering (2) tissue culture (3) Microbiology (4) All the above 16. Which is the first artificially synthesisedhormone . (1) Secretin (2) Insulin (3) Glucagen (4) Renin 17. Transgenic animal has (1) Foreign DNA is all its cells (2) Foreign RNA is all its cells (3) Foreign DNA is some of the cells (4) Both 2 and 3 18. For controlling………….. the protein products of the Bt toxin genes cryIAc and cryIIAb are responsible:- (1) Bolloworm (2) Roundworm (3) Moth (4) Fruit fly 19. For increased content of………….- transgenic rice (Golden rice) has been developed (1) Vitamin A (2) Viamin B1 (3) Vitamin C (4) Vitamin D 20. In the mature "insulin"formation during the processing of the prohormone "proinsulin" (1) C-peptide is added to proinsulin (2) C-peptide is removed from proinsulin (3) B-peptide is added to proinsulin (4) B-peptide is removed from proinsulin 21. Colonies of non-recombinant bacteria appears blue while the colonies of recombinant bacteria appear white Why? : (1) Inactivation of glycosidase enzyme in recombinant bacteria (2) Non-recombinant bacteria containing beta-galactosidase (3) Insertional inactivation of alpha-galactosidase in non-recombinant bacteria (4) Insertional inactivation of beta-galactosidase in recombinant bacteria 22. How can we separate DNA fragments generated by the restriction endonucleases in a chemical reaction? (1) Restriction mapping (2) Centrifugation (3) Polymerase chain reaction (4) Electrophoresis 23. In Cloning gene which one is used as a vector for gene transfer? (1) Salmonella typhimurium DNA (2) Ti plasmid (3) Antibiotic resistance Ampr and Terr loci (4) Ori minus pBR 322 24. Select the palindromic sequence. (1) GAATTC (2) ATGCAG CTTAAG TACGTC (3) CTTAGC (4) TGCATC GAATCG ACGTAG 25. Find out the technique, which is used to produce the GM crops ? (1) Micropropogation (2) Somatic hybridization (3) r-DNA technology (4) Cross breeding 26. RNAi results in (1) Silencing of m-RNA translation (2) Silencing of a specific m-RNA due to complementary ds RNA molecule. (3) Silencing of m-RNA molecule (4) Silencing of DNA for m-RNA transcription 27. ……………. Is not involved in Southern hybridization technique (1) Electrophoresis (2) Blotting (3) Autoradiography (4) PCR 28. Select the vector which can clone only a small fragment of DNA? (1) Bacterial artificial chromosome (2) Yeast artificial chromosome (3) Plasmid (4) Cosmid 29. Choose the first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology . (1) Insulin (2) Estrogen (3) Thyroxin (4) Progesterone 20. Among the following which is not naturally occurring gene? (1) cry-gene (2) Bt (3) RNAi, gene (4) cellular defense gene 31. Special features of Bt-cotton (1) This plant is completely resistant to insects (2) It requires less fertilizers (3) It’s leaf is resistant to pest but boll is destroyed by bollworms (4) This plant is resistant to certain insects 32. The crops engineered for glyphosate are resistant/ tolerant to :- (1) Bacteria (2) Insects (3) Herbicides (4) Fungi 33. Due to………….. in Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin. (1) Acidic pH of the insect gut (2) Action of gut micro-organisms (3) Presence of conversion factors in insect gut (4) Alkaline pH of the insect gut 34. …………………. regulates GM research and safety of introducing GM organisms for public services ? (1) Indian Council of Agricultural Research (2) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (3) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (4) Bio-safety committee 35. ……………. is the DNA molecules to which the gene of interest is integrated for cloning . (1) Carrier (2) Transformer (3) Vector (4) Template 36. Afterthe discovery of ………….the cutting of DNA at specific locations became possible (1) Ligases (2) Restriction enzymes (3) Probes (4) Selectable markers 37. The incorporated gene in Golden rice is meant for the biosynthesis of : (1) Vitamin A (2) Vitamin B (3) Vitamin C (4) Omega 3 38. t-DNA introduction into plants involves : (1) Allowing the plant roots to stand in water (2) Infection of the plant by Agrobacterium tumefaciens (3) Altering the pH of the soil, then heat shocking the plants (4) Exposing the plants to cold for a brief period 39. Select the method of gene silencing from the following. (1) tRNA (2) rRNA (3) RNAi (4) mRNA 40. …………….. is not a direct method of gene transfer in plants :- (1) Agrobacterium tumefaciens (2) Gene gun method (3) Biolistic method (4) Electroporation 41. For clearing oil spills ………………bacteria are used, which are genetically engineered . (1) Escherischia coli (2) Bacillus subtilis (3) Agrobacterium tumifaciens (4) Pseudomonas putida 42.Which is thefirst transgenic plant :- (1) Potato (2) Tomato (3) Tobacco (4) Maize 43. In production of ………E. coli are used:- (1) Rifampicin (2) LH (3) Ecdyson (4) Interferon 44. From the below options select the reason for a giant rat is formed in the laboratory, (1) Gene mutation (2) Gene synthesis (3) Gene manipulation (4) Gene replication 45. In Bt cotton the prefix ‘‘Bt’’ means :– (1) ‘‘Barium – treated’’ cotton seeds. (2) ‘‘Bigger thread’’ variety of cotton with batter tensile strength. (3) Produced by ‘‘biotechnology’’ using restriction enzymes and ligases. (4) Carrying an endotoxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis. 46. Pseudomonas,the bacteria is having the ability to :– (1) Transfer genes from one plant to another (2) Decompose a variety of organic compounds (3) Fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil (4) Produce a wide variety of antibiotics 47. Crystal protein synthesize by Cry-gene which isolated from :- (1) Bacillus thuriengensis (2) Rhizobium (3) Bacillus polymyxa (4) Clostridium 48. The risk which are associated with genetically modified food :- (1) Toxicity (2) Allergic reaction (3) Antibiotic resistance in microorganism present in alimentary canal (4) All the above 49. In the treatment of ……….Gene therapy was first used:– (1) Albinism (2) Haemophilia (3) SCID (4) LIQID 50.For …………..DNA probe is used :– (1) DNA finger printing (2) Detection of pathogenic bacteria (3) Medical genetics to find whether a person carries a particular gene or not (4) All the above 51. For designing novel …………..Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used– (1) Bioinsecticidal plants (2) Bio–mineralization processes (3) Biofertilizers (4) Bio–metallurgical techniques 52. Bt–cotton is resistant for :- (1) Round–worm (2) Fluke–worm (3) Boll–worm (4) Pin–worm 53. Human insulin which is genetically engineered is called ………… (1) Humulin (2) Haematin (3) Hybridoma (4) Hybrid 54. The C-peptide is (1) not present in proinsulin (2) present in mature insulin (3) removed during maturation of insulin (4) also present in artificial insulin 55. Decisions regarding……..is made byGEAC (1) the validity of GM research (2) the safety of introducing GM organisms for public services (3) the validity of biopatents (4) more than one options are correct 56. ………… is the use of bio-resources by multinational companies & other organisations without proper authorisation from the countries & people concerned. (1) Biopatent (2) Biopiracy (3) Biowar (4) Biodiversity 57. The Indian parliament has recently cleared which amendment of the Indian patents bill. (1) 1st (2) 2nd (3) 3rd (4) 4th 58. In mature insulin ………….. peptide chain in not present. (1) A-peptide (2) B-peptide (3) C-peptide (4) A & B peptide 59. Which are the two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering (1) Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (2) Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage (3) Diplococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. (4) Crown gall bacterium and Caenorhabditis elegans 60. Role of restriction endonuclease is – (1) Cuts the DNA molecule randomly (2) Cuts the DNA molecule at specific sites (3) Restricts the synthesis of DNA inside the nucleus (4) Synthesizes DNA 61. Find out correct recognisation sequence of following restriction endonuclease enzyme :- 62. Match the following columns :-
Column I Column II
A Golden rice i EliLily
B PCR ii Herbert boyer
C Insulin iii Kary mullis
D Recombin iv PeterBayer
Option :- (1) A - iv, B - iii, C - i, D – ii (2) A - iv, B - iii, C - ii, D – i (3) A - iii, B - iv, C - i, D – ii (4) A - iii, B - iv, C - ii, D - i 63. Select the palindromic sequence :- (1) GAATTC (2) GCAAAG CTTAAG CGTTTC (3) ATCGGC (4) ATCGCT TAGCCG TAGCGA 64. Among the following which is not a restriction enzyme . (1) Eco R1 (2) Chitinase (3) Bam H1 (4) Hind - II 65. ……………enzyme is not involved in recombinant DNA technology. (1) Exonuclease (2) Endonuclease (3) Ligase (4) Catalase 66. For gene transfer T-DNA is present in: (1) Bacillus thuringiensis (2) Meloidogyne incognitia (3) Agrobacterium tumefaciens (4) E.Coli 67. The reason that Bt. toxin does not show harmful effect on human and non target insect, is (1) It is non toxic to animal and human (2) It’s receptors are not present in humans (3) Human and other animals have resistance against Bt. Toxins (4) Acidic nature of stomach and absence of specific receptor on human gut. 68. What does vector means in biotechnology:- (1) An extra chromosomal DNA that replicates autonomously (2) Carrier of disease (3) Plasmid that can transfer gene to host cell (4) Selectable marker 69. PCR steps in sequence :- (1) Annealing - denaturation – extension (2) Denaturation - annealing – extension (3) Extension - denaturation – annealin (4) Denaturation - extension – annealing 70. Find out the correct match from the following
Column I Column II
A ADA-deficiency i α - 1 antitrypsin
B Emphysema ii Bone marrow transplantation
C Insulin iii Diabetes mellitus
D Insect resistance iv T 1 -plasmid
(1) A(ii), B(i), C(iii), D(iv) (2) A(i), B(ii), C(iii), D(iv) (3) A(iii), B(iv), C(ii), D(i) (4) A(iv), B(iii), C(ii), D(i) 71. In human insulin the two polypeptides are linked together by …………. (1) Hydrogen bonds (2) Phosphodiester bond (3) Covalent bond (4) Disulphide bridges 72. Select the one which is not a feature of the plasmids? (1) Independent replication (2) Circular structure (3) Transferable (4) Single - stranded 73. From ……….the taq polymerase enzyme is obtained . (1) Thermus aquaticus (2) Thiobacillus ferroxidans (3) Bacillus subtilis (4) Pseudomonas putida 74. Select the restriction endonuclease? (1) Hind II (2) Protease (3) DNase I (4) RNase 75. For ………………….Stirred-tank bioreactors have been designed (1) availability of oxygen throughout the process (2) ensuring anaerobic conditions in the culture vessel (3) purification of product (4) addition of preservatives to the product 76. Using……………. a foreign DNA and plasmid which is cut by the same restriction endonuclease can be joined to form a recombinantplasmid: (1) Polymerase-III (2) Ligase (3) Eco RI (4) Taq polymerase 77. Select the component which is not the part of downstream processing ? (1) Preservation (2) Expression (3) Separation (4) Purification 78. …………….. restriction enzymes produces blunt ends ? (1) Xho I (2) Hind III (3) Sal I (4) Eco RV 79. Therapy which was given in 1990 to a four year old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency ? (1) Immunotherapy (2) Radiation therapy (3) Gene therapy (4) Chemotherapy 80. …………… method is not used for gene transfer. (1) Biolistics (2) Micropropagation (3) Microinjection (4) Agrobacterium co-culture 81. Golden rice transgenic crop cultivation will help in (1) Alleviation of vitamin A deficiency (2) Pest resistance (3) Herbicide tolerance (4) Producing a petrol-like fuel from rice 82. ……… is a genetically engineered micro-organism used successfully in bioremediation of oil spills is a species of :- (1) Pseudomonas (2) Trichoderma (3) Xanthomonas (4) Bacillus 83. EndotoxinsCry1 which is obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis are effective against :- (1) Flies (2) Nematodes (3) Boll worms (4) Mosquitoes 84. From a transgenic species of ………human insulin is being commercially produced (1) Mycobacterium (2) Rhizobium (3) Saccharomyces (4) Escherichia 85. Use of herbicide resistant GM crops is to :- (1) Eliminate weeds from the field without the use of herbicides (2) Encourage eco-friendly herbicides (3) Reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety (4) Eliminate weeds from the field without the use of manual labour 86. Select the transgenic food crop which may help in solving the problem of night blindness in developing countries is :- (1) Starlink maize (2) Bt Soybean (3) Golden rice (4) Flavr Savr tomatoes 87. To transfer foreign DNA into crop plants which one of the following is commonly used ? (1) Penicillium expansum (2) Trichoderma harzianum (3) Meloidogyme incognita (4) Agrobacterium tumefaciens 88. …………… is the use of Polyethylene glycol method . (1) Energy production from sewage (2) Gene transfer without a vector (3) Biodiesel production (4) Seedless fruit production 89. What are transgenic plants? (1) Grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field (2) Produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium (3) Generated by introducing foreign DNA in to a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell (4) Produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium 90. In contemporary biology the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is widely used as (1) Source of industrial enzyme (2) Indicator of water pollution (3) Insecticide (4) Agent for production of dairy products 91. Select the true statement about Bt toxin. (1) The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins (2) The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut (3) Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus (4) The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication 92. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency may be permanently cured by …………. (1) Enzyme replacement therapy (2) Periodic infusion of genetically engineered lymphocytes having functional ADA Cdna (3) Administering adenosine deaminase activators (4) Introducing bone marrow cells producing ADA into cells at early embryonic stages 93. …………. vector for cloning genes into higher organisms? (1) Rhizopus nigricans (2) Retrovirus (3) Baculovirus (4) Salmonella typhimurium 94. Select one role of Restriction endonucleases enzymes (1) restrict the action of the enzyme DNA polymerase (2) remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA molecule (3) make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule (4) recognize a specific nucleotide sequence for binding of DNA ligase 95. Choose the palindromic sequences in DNA which can be cut easily at about the middle by some particular restriction enzyme enzyme? 1. 5’GAATTC3’ and 3’CTTAAG5’ 2. 5’CACGTA3’ and 3’CTCAGT5’ 3. 5’CGTTCG3’ and 3’ATGGTA5’ 4. 5’GATATC3’ and 3’CTACTA5’ 96. Transgenic basmati rice which is an improved variety (1) is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy (2) gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma (3) does not require chemical fertilizers and growth hormones (4) give high yield and is rich in vitamin A 97. When a DNA or RNA segment is tagged with a radiactive molecule, it is called as (1) Clone (2) Plasmid (3) Vector (4) Probe 98. For the production of ………….genetic engineering has been successfuly used: (1) transgenic Cow-Roise which produces high fat milk for making ghee (2) animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power (3) transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans (4) transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases 99. For ……..the genetically-modified (GM) Brinjal has been developedin India: (1) Enhancing mineral content (2) Drought-resistance (3) Insect-resistance (4) Enhancing shelf life 100. Choose the characteristics of Bt cotton are : (1) High yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests (2) High yield and resistance to bollworms (3) Long fibre and resistance to aphids (4) Medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests 101. To make…………Gene silencing using RNAi technique is applied. (1) Nematode resistant plant (2) Edible vaccines (3) Iron fortified rice (4) Vitamin enriched cereales 102. Select the one which is not a genetically modified plant ? (1) Bt-cotton (2) Flavr Savr tomato (3) Pusa swarnim (4) Golden rice 103. After staining with …………….. the DNA fragments separated on an agarose gel can be visualised (1) Acetocarmine (2) Aniline blue (3) Ethidium bromide (4) Bromophenol blue 104. Before marketing the process of separation and purification of expressed protein is called: (1) Downstream processing (2) Bioprocessing (3) Postproduction processing (4) Upstream processing 105. ………….is a gene whose expression helps to identify transformed cell is known as (1) Vector (2) Plasmid (3) Structural gene (4) Selectable marker 106. Select the true statement for Bt-cotton? (1) It is used to kill virus (2) It kill both targeted and non targeted insects (3) It kills only targeted insect (4) It kills only fungal pathogen 107. In r-DNA techniquefirst plasmid of which bacterium is used as a vector ? (1) Salmonella (2) E.coli (3) Agrobacterium (4) Bacillus 108.By ………… process restriction endonuclease cut the DNA molecule (1) Reduction (2) Oxidation (3) Hydrolysis (4) Modification 109. At which site Restriction endonuclease cut the DNA molecule? (1) Sugar - phosphate back bone (2) Between two base pairs (3) Between sugar and base (4) Between phosphate and base 110. Which part of Ti-plasmid of Agrobacterium is transferred to the host plantin r-DNA technology? (1) T-DNA (2) T-DNA + Vir-region (3) T-DNA + Ori-region (4) Vir-region 111. Match the following :-
A Histone p Pectinase
B RNA q Cellulase
C Pectin r Protease
D Cell wall s Ribonuclease
(1) A-p, B-q, C-r, D-s (2) A-r, B-s, C-p, D-q (3) A-s, B-r, C-q, D-p (4) A-q, B-p, C-s, D-r 112. for introducing a DNA fragment in human lymphocytes which of the following is commonly used as a vector? (1) Retrovirus (2) Ti plasmid (3) l phage (4) pBR 322 113. In India, the organisation responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically modified organisms for public use is (1) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (2) Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) (3) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM) (4) Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) 114. A ’new variety of rice was patented by a foreign company though such varieties have been present in India for a long time. This is related to (1) Co-667 (2) Sharbati Sonora (3) Lerma Rojo (4) Basmati 115. …………………is called as use of bioresources by multinational companies and organisations without authorisation from the concerned country and its peoople (1) Bio-infringement (2) Biopiracy (3) Biodegradation (4) Bioexploitation 116. Steps in Polymerase Chain Reaction in sequence (1) Extension, Denaturation, Annealing (2) Annealing, Extension, Denaturation (3) Denaturation, Extension, Annealing (4) Denaturation, Annealing, Extension 117. What is GEAC ? (1) Genetic engineering approval committee (2) Genetic engineering agreement council (3) Genetic engineering analysing crop (4) Genetic engineering agricultural committee 118. Find out the mistake in this procedure :The basic procedure involved in the synthesis of recombinant DNA molecule is depicted below.
(1) Enzyme polymerase is not included (2) The mammalian DNA is shown double stranded (3) Only one fragment is inserted (4) Two different restriction enzymes are used 119. Because of ……………production of a human protein in bacteria by genetic engineering is possible. (1) Bacterial cell can carry out the RNA splicing reactions (2) The mechanism of gene regulation is identical in humans and bacteria (3) The human chromosome can replicate in bacterial cell (4) The genetic code is universal 120. If a recombinant DNA bearing gene for ampicillin resistance is transferred into E.Coli cells and the host cells are spread on agar plates containing ampicillin, then :- (1) both transformed and untransformed recipient cells will die (2) both transformed and untrasformed recipient cell will be grow (3) tranformed recipient cells will grow and untransformed recipient cells will die (4) transformed recipient cells will die and untransformed recipient cells will grow 121. What is special in below sample of a portion of DNA strand giving the base sequence on the opposite strands. 5’______GAATTC_______3’ 3’______CTTAAG_______5’ (1) Replication completed (2) Delection mutation (3) Start codon at the 5’ end (4) Palindromic sequence of base pairs 122. In restriction endonuclease EcoRI "co" part stands for ? (1) Colon (2) Coelom (3) Coenzyme (4) Coli 123. Agarose which is extracted from sea weeds is used in…….. (1) Spectrophotometry (2) Tissue Culture (3) PCR (4) Gel electrophoresis 124. Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of :- (1) Fish (2) Mice (3) Cow (4) Pig 125. In the development of plants resistant to…………… the process of RNA interference has been used. (1) Nematodes (2) Fungi (3) Viruses (4) Insects 126. Find out themistakes in two of the statements . (A) The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie produced milk which was human alpha-lactalbumin enriched. (B) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macro molecules. (C) Downstream processing is one of the steps of R-DNA technology. (D) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in transfer of R-DNA into the host. Which are the two statements having mistakes ? (1) Statements (A) and (B) (2) Statements (B) and (C) (3) Statements (C) and (D) (4) Statements (A) and (C) 127. mRNA silencing has been used in producing transgenic plants resistant to………. (1) Bacterial blights (2) Bollworms (3) Nematodes (4) White rusts 128. Bacillus thuringiensis forms insecticidal protein which….. (1) does not kill the carrier bacterium which is itself resistant to this toxin (2) binds with epithelial cells of midgut of the insect pest ultimately killing it (3) is coded by several genes including the gene cry (4) is activated by acid pH of the foregut of the insect pest 129. ………………. techniques made it possible to genetically engineer living organisms? (1) Hybridization (2) Recombinant DNA techniques (3) X-ray diffraction (4) Heavier isotope labelling 130. DNA polymerase used in PCR ……. (1) It is isolated from a virus (2) It remains active at high temperature (3) It is used to ligate introduced DNA in recipient cells (4) It serves as a selectable marker 131. Gene gun which is used for transformation, are made up of micro-particles coated with DNA to be bombarded with:- (1) Silicon or Platinum (2) Gold or Tungsten (3) Silver or platinum (4) Platinum or zinc 132. The figure below is the diagrammatic representation of the E.Coli vector pBR 322. Which one of the given options correctly identifies its certain component(s)?
(1) Hind III, ECoRI-selectable markers (2) ampR, tetR-antibiotic resistance genes (3) ori-original restriction enzyme (4) rop-reduced osmotic pressure 133. Which foods can prevent the kind of blindness associated with vitamin’A’ deficiency ? (1) Golden rice (2) Bt-Brinjal (3) Flaver Savr ’tomato (4) Canolla 134. DNA or RNA segment tagged with a radiactive molecule is called : (1) Clone (2) Plasmid (3) Vector (4) Probe 135. Which one of the following represents a palindromic sequence in DNA ? 136., The antibiotics are used in genetic engineering:- (1) as sequences from where replication starts (2) to keep the cultures free of infection (3) as selectable markers (4) to select healthy vectors 137. The figure below shows three steps (A,B, C) of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Select the option giving correct identification togetherwith what it represents?
Options : (1) C-Extension in the presence of heat stable DNA polymerase (2) A-Annealing with two sets of primers (3) B-Denaturation at a temperature of about 98°C separating the two DNA strands (4) A-Denaturation at a temperature of about 50°C 138. For what Biolistics (gene-gun) is used : (1) Constructing recombinant DNA by joining with vectors (2) DNA finger printing (3) Disarming pathogen vectors (4) Transformation of plants cells 139. Nematode resistant tobacco planthave been developed by the introduction of DNA that produced (in the host cells) :- (1) an antifeedant (2) a toxic protein (3) both sense and anti-sense RNA (4) a particular hormone 140. For treating………. the first clinical gene therapy was given: (1) Rheumatoid arthritis (2) Adenosine deaminase deficiency (3) Diabetes mellitus (4) Chicken pox 141. In electrophoretic field, if haemoglobin (Hb) of a normal individual and a sickle cell patient are run, then they will show :- (1) same mobilities (2) different mobilities (3) Hb of patient will not move at all (4) Hbs are immobile 142. Introduction of food plants developed by genetic engineering is not desirable because– (1) Economy of developing countries may suffer. (2) These products are less tasty as compared to the already existing products. (3) This method is costly. (4) There is danger of coming viruses and toxins with introduced crop. 143. Which one of the following is a correct statement (1) "Bt" in "Bt-cotton" indicates that it is a genetically modified organism produced through biotechnology (2) Somatic hybridization involves fusion of two complete plant cells carrying desired genes. (3) The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds. (4) "Flavr Savr" variety of tomato has enhanced the production of ethylene which improves its taste. 144. Select incorrectly paired tools of recombinant DNA technology with its use– (1) restriction enzyme - Production of RFLPs (2) DNA ligase-that cuts DNA, creating the sticky ends (3) DNA polymerase - used in a polymerase chain reaction to amplify section of DNA (4) reverse transcriptase - production of cDNA from mRNA 145. for continuous culture system–Select the incorrect statement (1) In this used medium is drained out from one side while fresh medium is added from other side. (2) In this cells are maintained in their physiologically most active lag phase of growth. (3) It produces larger biomass. (4) It shows higher yields of desired product. 146. Elution in r-DNA technology is (1) Remove the DNA from centrifuge tube after centrifugation (2) The separated band of DNA are cut out from the gel and extracted from the gel piece (3) Separation of the recombinant protein from recombinant cell (4) Insertion of recombinant DNA into the host cell 147. Which one is an example of gene therapy? (1) Production of injectable Hepatitis–B vaccine (2) Production of vaccines in food crops like potatoes which can be eaten (3) Introduction of gene for adenosine deaminase in persons suffering from severe combined immuno-deficiency (SCID) (4) Production of test tube babies by artificial insemination and implantation of fertilized eggs Answer Key
1 1 21 4 41 4 61 1
2 3 22 4 42 3 62 1
3 3 23 2 43 4 63 1
4 2 24 1 44 3 64 2
5 3 25 3 45 4 65 4
6 4 26 2 46 2 66 3
7 4 27 4 47 1 67 4
8 1 28 3 48 4 68 3
9 4 29 1 49 3 69 2
10 2 30 2 50 4 70 1
11 3 31 4 51 1 71 4
12 1 32 3 52 3 72 4
13 1 33 4 53 1 73 1
14 4 34 2 54 3 74 1
15 4 35 3 55 4 75 1
16 2 36 2 56 2 76 2
17 1 37 1 57 2 77 2
18 1 38 2 58 3 78 4
19 1 39 3 59 1 79 3
20 2 40 1 60 2 80 2
81 1 101 1 121 4 141 2
82 1 102 3 122 4 142 4
83 3 103 3 123 4 143 3
84 4 104 1 124 2 144 2
85 4 105 4 125 1 145 2
86 3 106 3 126 1 146 2
87 4 107 1 127 3 147 3
88 2 108 3 128 2
89 3 109 1 129 2
90 3 110 1 130 2
91 2 111 2 131 2
92 4 112 1 132 2
93 2 113 4 133 1
94 3 114 4 134 4
95 1 115 2 135 3
96 4 116 4 136 3
97 4 117 1 137 1
98 3 118 4 138 4
99 3 119 4 139 3
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BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION- Previous year Questions 1.The crops engineered for glyphosate are resistant/ tolerant to : [2015 RS] (a) Bacteria (b) Insects (c) Herbicides (d) Fungi 2. In Bt cotton, the Bt toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due to: [2015 RS] (a) Acidic pH of the insect gut (b) Action of gut micro-organisms (c) Presence of conversion factors in insect gut (d) Alkaline pH of the insect gut 3. Golden rice is a genetically modified crop plant where the incorporated gene is meant for biosynthesis of : [2015 RS] (a) Vitamin C (b) Omega 3 (c) Vitamin A (d) Vitamin B 4. Pollen tablets are available in the market for: (a) In vitro fertilization [2014] (b) Breeding programmes (c) Supplementing food (d) Ex situ conservation 5. Which of the following Bt crops is being grown in India by the farmers?[NEET2013] (a) Cotton (b) Brinjal (c) Soyabean (d) Maize 6. RNA interference involves [NEET Kar. 2013] (a) Synthesis of mRNA from DNA (b) Synthesis of cDNA from RNA using reverse transcriptase (c) Silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary RNA (d) Interference of RNA in synthesis of DNA 7. Consumption of which one of the following foods can prevent the kind of blindness associated with vitamin ‘A’ deficiency? [2012] (a) ‘Flavr Savr’ tomato (b) Canolla (c) Golden rice (d) Bt-Brinjal 8. Tobacco plants resistant to a nematode have been developed by the introduction of DNA that produced (in the host cells) [2012M] (a) both sense and anti-sense RNA (b) a particular hormone (c) an antifeedant (d) a toxic protein 9. The most common substrate used in distilleries for the production of ethanol is [2011] (a) corn meal (b) soya meal (c) ground gram (d) molasses 10. The process of RNA interference has been used in the development of plants resistant to [2011] (a) nematodes (b) fungi (c) viruses (d) insects 11. Silencing of mRNA has been used in producing transgenic plants resistant to: [2011M] (a) bollworms (b) nematodes (c) white rusts (d) bacterial blights 12. Consider the following statements (A-D) about organic farming: [2011M] (A) Utilizes genetically modified crops like Bt cotton (B) Uses only naturally produced inputs like compost (C) Does not use pesticides and urea (D) Produces vegetables rich in vitamins and minerals Which of the above statements are correct? (a) (B), (C) and (D) (b) (C) and (D) only (c) (B) and (C) only (d) (A) and (B) only 13. Bacillus thuringiensis forms protein crystals which contain insecticidal protein. [2011M] (a) binds with epithelial cells of midgut of the insect pest ultimately killing it (b) is coded by several genes including the gene cry (c) is activated by acid pH of the foregut of the insect pest. (d) does not kill the carrier bacterium which is itself resistant to this toxin 14. The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for: [2010] (a) insect-resistance (b) enhancing shelf life (c) enhancing mineral content (d) drought-resistance 15. Some of the characteristics of Bt cotton are:[2010] (a) long fibre and resistance to aphids (b) medium yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests (c) high yield and production of toxic protein crystals which kill dipteran pests (d) high yield and resistance to bollworms 16. What is true about Bt toxin? [2009] (a) Bt protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus (b) The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilise it and thus prevent its multiplication. (c) The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins. (d) The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut. 17. The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis is widely used in contemporary biology as [2009] (a) insecticide (b) agent for production of dairy products (c) source of industrial enzyme (d) indicator of water pollution 18. Main objective of production/use of herbicide resistant GM crops is to [2008] (a) eliminate weeds from the field without the use of manual labour (b) eliminate weeds from the field without the use of herbicides (c) encourage eco-friendly herbicides (d) reduce herbicide accumulation in food articles for health safety 19. Cry endotoxins obtained from Bacillus thuringiensis are effective against [2008] (a) mosquitoes (b) flies (c) nematodes (d) boll worms 20. The name of Norman Borlaug is associated with : [2005] (a) white revolution (b) green revolution (c) yellow revolution (d) blue revolution 21. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used for designing novel : [2005] (a) Biofertilizers (b) Bio-metallurgical techniques (c) Bio-mineralization processes (d) Bioinsecticidal plants 22. One of the most important reasons why wild plants should thrive is that they are good sources of [2000] (a) highly nutritive animal feed (b) unsaturated edible oils (c) genes for resistance to disease and pests (d) very rare and highly sought after fruits of medical importance 23. The first human hormone produced by recombinant DNA technology is: [2014] (a) Insulin (b) Estrogen (c) Thyroxin (d) Progesterone 24. Which one of the following vectors is used to replace the defective gene in gene therapy?[NEET Kar. 2013] (a) Ti plasmid (b) Adenovirus (c) Cosmid (d) Ri plasmid 25. The first clinical gene therapy was given for treating [2012M] (a) chicken pox (b) diabetes mellitus (c) rheumatoid arthritis (d) adenosine deaminase deficiency 26. Continuous addition of sugars in ‘fed batch’ fermentation is done to: [2011] (a) produce methane (b) obtain antibiotics (c) purify enzymes (d) degrade sewage 27. Consider the following statements about biomedical technologies? [2008] 1. During open heart surgery blood is circulated in the heart-lung machine 2. Blockage in coronary arteries is removed by angiography 3. Computerised axial tomography (CAT) shows detailed internal structure as seen in a section of body 4. X-ray provides clear and detailed images of organs like prostate glands and lungs Which two of the above statements are correct? (a) 2 and 4 (b) 3 and 4 (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1 and 2 28. Ultrasound of how much frequency is beamed into human body for sonography ? [2007] (a) 15 - 30 MHZ (b) 1 - 15 MHZ (c) 45 - 70 MHZ (d) 30 - 45 MHZ. 29. Maximum application of animal cell culture technology today is in the production of[2003] (a) edible proteins (b) insulin (c) interferons (d) vaccines 30. What is true for monoclonal antibodies?[2001] (a) These antibodies obtained from one parent and for one antigen (b) These antibodies obtained from parent and for two antigen (c) These antibodies obtained from one parent and for many antigen (d) These antibodies obtained from many parents and for many antigens 31. Genetically engineered bacteria have been successfully used in the commercial production of [1996] (a) human insulin (b) testosterone (c) thyroxine (d) melatonin 32. Which body of the Government of India regulates GM research and safety of introducing GM organisms for public services? [2015 RS] (a) Indian Council of Agricultural Research (b) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (c) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (d) Bio-safety committee 33. Maximum number of existing transgenic animals is of : [2011] (a) fish (b) mice (c) cow (d) pig 34. Read the following four statements (A-D) about certain mistakes in two of them[2011M] (A) The first transgenic buffalo, Rosie produced milk which was human alphalactal albumin enriched. (B) Restriction enzymes are used in isolation of DNA from other macro-molecules. (C) Downstream processing is one of the steps of R-DNA technology. (D) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in transfer of R-DNA into the host. Which are the two statements having mistakes? (a) Statement (B) and (C) (b) Statement (C) and (D) (c) Statement (A) and (C) (d) Statement (A) and (B) 35. Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing: [2010] (a) transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans (b) transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases (c) transgenic cow – rosie which produces high fat milk for making ghee (d) animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power 36. Transgenic plants are the ones: [2009] (a) generated by introducing foreign DNA into a cell and regenerating a plant from that cell. (b) produced after protoplast fusion in artificial medium. (c) grown in artificial medium after hybridization in the field. (d) produced by a somatic embryo in artificial medium. 37. A transgenic food crop’which may help in solving the problem of night blindness in developing countries is [2008] (a) Flavr Savr tomatoes (b) Starlink maize (c) Bt Soybean (d) Golden rice 38. Golden rice is a transgenic crop of the future with the following improved trait : [2006] (a) insect resistance (b) high lysine (essential amino acid) content (c) high protein content (d) high vitamin-A content 39. Two microbes found to be very useful in genetic engineering are [2006] (a) Vibrio cholerae and a tailed bacteriophage (b) Diplococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. (c) Crown gall bacterium and Caenorhabditis elegans (d) Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium Tumefaciens Answer Key
1 c 11 b 21 d 31 a
2 d 12 c 22 c 32 b
3 c 13 a 23 a 33 b
4 c 14 a 24 b 34 d
5 a 15 d 25 d 35 a
6 c 16 d 26 c 36 a
7 c 17 a 27 c 37 d
8 a 18 d 28 b 38 d
9 d 19 d 29 d 39 d
10 a 20 b 30 a